| Name | Responsible Institution | Comments |
|---|
| Avionics: | | |
| Flight Management System | AWI / FIELAX | IMU + airdata ... YES; GPS.. NOT |
| Inertial Reference System | AWI / FIELAX | |
| Air Data Computer | AWI / FIELAX | |
| Radar Altimeter | AWI / FIELAX | |
| Science Systems: | | |
| Basic Met | AWI / FIELAX | |
| Up- and downward looking digital Video | AWI / FIELAX | both directions |
| Stereo Camera (downward looking digital photo camera) | AWI / FIELAX | |
CR-2 Humidity Sensor Details
No Details
| Name |
CR-2 Cryogenic Hygrometer |
| Description |
Rotary Stirling-cycle tactical cryocooler |
| Quantity |
Dew point |
| Spectral range |
-100°C to 30°C |
| Temporal resolution |
10-20 s |
| AWI / FIELAX | |
| Broadband Radiation Sensors (up- and downward looking) | AWI / FIELAX | calibration w. SMART / EAGLE ? |
KT-15 radiation thermometer (downward looking) Details
No Details
| Name |
KT-15 Infrared Radiation Pyrometer |
| Description |
Measures infrared radiation and converts it to a temperature. |
| Quantity primary |
Infrared radiation |
| Quantity secondary |
Brightness temperature |
| Spectral range |
? |
| Temporal resolution |
? |
| AWI / FIELAX | |
AIMMS-20 Details
No Details
| Name |
Advanced Airborne MeasureMent Solutions |
| Description |
Airborne weather station |
| Measured species |
Meteorology, Attitude |
| Quantities |
Temperature, pressure, humidity, wind vector, magnetic field;
3-axis acceleration and angular rates;
GPS position and velocity |
| Altitude range |
Mounted on aircraft |
| Temporal resolution |
? |
| AWI / FIELAX | internal problems, likely to be tested during Antarctica campaigns |
AVAPS Lite Dropsonde System Details
No Details
| Name |
AVAPS Lite |
| Description |
Atmospheric profiling by dropsonde |
| Measured species |
Temperature, pressure, humidity, wind |
| Method |
p, T, RH sensors on a parachuting platform, data transferred to aircraft by radio |
| Quantity primary |
Profile of temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind; GPS position |
| Altitude range |
From aircraft to surface |
| Vertical resolution |
5.5 m |
| Temporal resolution |
2 Hz |
| AWI / FIELAX | |
AMALi Lidar Details
No Details
| Name |
Airborne Mobile Aerosol LIdar |
| Description |
The AMALi transmits Nd:YAG laser light pulses either upward (zenith configuration) or downward (nadir).
The laser light interacts with and is changed by atmospheric constituents influencing the backscattered light intensity. The backscattered light
is collected with an off-axis telescope mirror and directed onto the detection system. The detection of the two wavelengths 355 nm and 532 nm (the
latter in both perpendicular and parallel polarisation mode) provides an information on existence, distribution, backscatter and depolarisation
of aerosols and thin clouds in the troposphere. The applied 2-minute integration time results in a horizontal resolution range from 4.3 km to 12.4 km
for a minimum of 130 km/h and a maximum of 370 km/h aircraft cruising speed over ground, respectively. The transient recorders register the backscattered
light with a maximum sampling rate of 21 MHz corresponding to a range/height resolution of 7.5 m. The on-line quick look data evaluation allows an
immediate interpretation. |
| Measured species |
Tropospheric Aerosol (vertical profile in nadir configuration) - Airborne System |
| Method |
Measurement of number of backscattered photons versus time of pulsed laser |
| Quantity primary |
The profiles of backscatter coefficients (m-1 sr-1) and depolarisation information |
| Quantity secondary |
Qualitative separation of aerosol types according to wavelength dependence and depolarisation |
| Spectral range |
Simultaneous measurements with 532 nm and 355 nm wavelengths |
| Altitude range |
2.5 km - 3 km down to the ground/sea level or from plane altitude upwards to tropopause |
| Vertical resolution |
7.5 m |
| Temporal resolution |
2 min |
| AWI | |
AISA Eagle Hyperspectral Camera Details
No Details
| Name |
EAGLE |
| Description |
The AISA Eagle is a hyperspectral imaging sensor that we will use to measure the spatial distribution of upwelling radiance. The
field of view (swath) is 36° wide, which is divided into 1024 channels. In the spectral dimension, 488 pixels are used in the range from 400 to 970 nm.
The central pixel will be compared to the radiance measurement of the SMART-Albedometer (1.5° field of view) to get an optimal combination of both
instruments, and to obtain the spatial distribution of the cloud-particle phase (ice or liquid) in mixed-phase clouds. |
| Measured species |
Atmospheric Radiation |
| Method |
Hyperspectral Grating Spectrometry |
| Quantity primary |
Reflectance |
| Quantity secondary |
Spatial distribution of cloud particle phase |
| Spectral range |
400-970 nm |
| Altitude range |
Mounted on aircraft |
| Spatial pixels |
1024 |
| Temporal resolution |
t.b.d. |
| AWI, LIM | tail port |
SMART Albedometer Details
No Details
| Name |
Spectral Modular Airborne Radiation measurement sysTem |
| Description |
The SMART-Albedometer measures upwelling and downwelling spectral irradiances and radiances in the spectral range
from 0.3 to 2.2 µm. The radiation is collected by optical inlets which are different for the radiance and the irradiance. The collected radiation
is transmitted with fibre optical cables to spectrometers of different types.
|
| Measured species |
Atmospheric Radiation |
| Method |
Grating Spectrometry |
| Quantity primary |
Spectral irradiance and radiance, upwelling and downwelling |
| Quantity secondary |
Cloud reflectivity |
| Spectral range |
0.3-2.2 µm |
| Altitude range |
Mounted on aircraft |
| Radiance Viewing Angle |
2.1° |
| Temporal resolution |
0.3 seconds |
| LIM | |
Nevzorov Probe
Details
No Details
| Name |
Nevzorov Probe |
| Description |
Particles hit a heated resistor (hot wire). The energy that is needed to evaporate the particle is a measure for its size.
Two heated resistors are used, a cone (total water content) and a rectangle (liquid water content).
|
| Measured species |
Cloud particles |
| Method |
Evaporation |
| Quantity primary |
Liquid and Total Water Content |
| Quantity secondary |
Ice Water Content |
| Spectral range |
Total and liquid water content range from 0.003 to 3 g m-3 |
| Altitude range |
Mounted on aircraft |
| Vertical resolution |
- |
| Temporal resolution |
100 Hz |
| AWI / LaMP | |
| PMS Probes | LaMP | |
Polar Nephelometer
Details
No Details
| Name |
Polar Nephelometer |
| Description |
The Polar Nephelometer was designed and developed at the LaMP (Gayet et al., 1997).
This instrument measures the scattering phase function of an ensemble of cloud particles (i.e. cloud droplets,
ice crystals or a mixture of these particles). The scattering phase function (at a wavelength of 0.8 µm) is measured
on 44 scattering angles from 3.49° to 169°. The optical parameters such as the extinction coefficient and the asymmetry
factor can be derived from the measured phase function as well as the particle phase recognition. Cloud microphysical
parameters can be retrieved by using an iterative inversion technique.
|
| Measured species |
Cloud particles (droplets and/or ice crystals) |
| Method |
Scattering phase function (at a wavelength of 0.8 µm) is measured on 44 scattering angles from 3.49° to 169°. |
| Quantity primary |
Scattering phase function |
| Quantity secondary |
Extinction coefficient, asymmetry parameter, cloud particle phase recognition, cloud particle
microphysical parameter after data inversion |
| Spectral range |
Cloud particles in the diameter range 3 µm - 1 mm |
| Altitude range |
Mounted on aircraft |
| Vertical resolution |
Quasi-continuous |
| Temporal resolution |
Sampling frequency: 1-1000 ms |
| LaMP | |
CPI Details
No Details
| Name |
Cloud Particle Imager |
| Description |
The particle detection system (PDS) consists of two continuous-wave laser diodes with beams that are shaped into ribbons
2.4 mm wide and 0.5 mm thick. The intersection of the two PDS beams defines the sample volume of the instrument. The PDS performs two functions: 1.
When a particle passes through the intersection of the two laser beams, the imaging laser is pulsed and an image of the particle is cast on the CCD
of the digital camera. 2.The PDS counts particles that are transit-time qualified and particle concentration is determined by dividing particle
counts by the sample area times true airspeed. [http://www.specinc.com/cpi_operation.htm] |
| Measured species |
Cloud Particle Images |
| Method |
Laser-triggered CCD imaging of particles |
| Quantity primary |
High resolution measurement of the particles shape (2.3 µm pixel size) |
| Quantity secondary |
Ice Particle Concentration, Extinction Coefficient, Ice Water Content, Effective Diameter |
| Spectral range |
. |
| Altitude range |
Mounted on aircraft |
| Vertical resolution |
- |
| Temporal resolution |
75 Hz |
| LaMP | |
FSSP-100
Details
No Details
| Name |
Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe |
| Description |
Particles that enter the sampling volume scatter laser light. Detectors in the forward-scattering
direction detect the scattered light. Particles are counted, and the intensity of the scattered light is a measure of the particle size.
|
| Measured species |
Cloud particles |
| Method |
Forward scattering of laser light |
| Quantity primary |
Particle size distribution |
| Quantity secondary |
Extinction coefficient and effective diameter of droplets, Liquid Water Content |
| Spectral range |
Cloud particles in the size range 3 - 95 µm |
| Altitude range |
Mounted on aircraft |
| Vertical resolution |
- |
| Temporal resolution |
? |
| LaMP | |
AMSSP-EM Details
No Details
| Name |
Airborne Multi Spectral Sunphoto- and Polarimeter |
| Description |
The instrument AMSSP-EM is based on diffraction grating spectrometers with multiple spectral channels from the visible
to the near infrared of the electromagnetic spectrum. The incoming light is guided by a number of entrance optics and optical fibers to
spectrometers. A number of different optical elements are selecting different polarized states of the incoming light to derive
simultaneously the polarized information of the light. With this instrument setup it is possible to measure not only the amplitude
of the light intensity but rather all stokes parameters I, Q, U, and V. |
| Measured species |
Atmospheric Radiation |
| Method |
Grating Spectrometry |
| Quantity primary |
Polarised Radiance |
| Quantity secondary |
Stokes Vector (I,U,Q,V), Multi-directinonal Polarised Reflectivity of snow and clouds |
| Spectral range |
470-780 nm / 350-1000 nm |
| Altitude range |
Mounted on aircraft |
| Radiance Viewing Angle |
1.5° |
| Temporal resolution |
100-200 ms |
| FU Berlin | |
| Sun-Photometer | AWI | |
| EM-Bird | AWI | Ice-thickness measurements by electromagnetic (EM) induction.
Flights during the first three days (in combination with dropsondes); not a SoRPIC contribution. |
